Direct and Indirect Speech ، أسهل طريقة لفهم الكلام المباشر والغير مباشر

 

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Direct and Indirect Speech

الكلام المباشر والغير مباشر

  1-الكلام المباشر Direct speech

                         هو نفس كلمات المتكلم وبدو تغير وهو الكلام الذي يوضع بين الأقواس.

   مثال :

              . '' Ali said , '' I will travel next week  -

  *الكلام الغير مباشر :

      هو الكلام الذي حزفت منه الأقواس وربط برابط واترفع فيه الزمن درجه وتحولت فيه الضمائر والظروف حسب المخاط والتحدث.

    **أنواع الجمله في المباشر وغير المباشر :

        1- الجمله الخبريه the statement

             وفيه نحزف الأقواس ونربط ب that 

     مثال :

            . " Mustafa said to me '' I 'm reading astory now -

   الغير مباشر      . Mustafa told me that He was reading astory then -

      2- الجمله الاستفهاميه :

          ومنها نوعين :

  A- الاستفهام بكلمه استفهام WH. Question وفيه نحزف الأقواس وربط بنفس كلمه     الاستفهام . 

     مثال :

             ?'' He said to me," Where do you live -

               الغير مباشر،. He asked me Where Iived -

   B- الاستفهام بفعل مساعد نجيب عليه ب Yes او 

    No

         - وفيه نحزف الأقواس ونربط ب if. او whether

 

      مثال :

                   . Mohamed said, Is mother making acake now - 

      . Mohamed wondered if mother was making acake now - 

      3- الجمله الأمريه :The imperative sentence

          منها نوعين :

      A-الأمر المثبت. ويبدأ بفعل في المصدر. 

      مثال :

          . '' The doctor said to the patient, '' stay in bed For a week -

     الكلام غير مباشرThe doctor advised the patient to stay in bed For a  week

        B-" الأمر المنفى. ويبدأ ب Don't+ المصدر

   مثال :

                  .'' He said to me, '' Don 't lend her any money -

          الغير مباشر. He asked me not to lend her any money -

  - لاحظ طريقه تحويل الجمله الخبريه Statement من مباشر الي غير مباشر :

   1- فعل القول في المضارع 

           - say يبقى say

         - say to تحول إلى tell

             # اما فعل القول في الماضي

                      Said تبقى said

                 Said to تحول إلى told 

   2- نحذف الأقواس ونربط ب that ويمكن الاستغناء عنها . 

   3- نرفع الزمن درجه اي نحول المضارع الي ماضي والماضي الي ماضي تام . 

   4- تغير الضمائر والظروف في الجمله حسب المخاط او المتحدث.

* Read and put the verb in the correct form.

1.."I live in this city" The man said

*.  The man said that he  in that city

2.."I am writing an email now" The reporter said

*. The reporter said that he  an article then

3.."I have worked in this company for many years" Jack said

* Jack said that he  in that company for many years

4.."I visited the monument yesterday" My fiend told me

*. My friend told me that he  the monuments the day before.

5.."I will arrive to the airport tomorrow" The lady said

*. The lady said that she  arrive to the airport the following day

6.."I can speak many languages" The journalist said

*. The journalist said that he  speak many languages

7.."I may come to see you the next day" Leila told me

*.Leila told me that she  come see me the following day

8.."We must stop the car here and eat a snack" The driver said

*. The driver said that we  stop the car there and eat a snack

9.."I am very happy" Delilah said

*. Delilah said that she  very happy

10.."I did not revise my lessons" the boy said

*. The boy said that he  his lessons ** Put the verb in the correct form             1- I am not going to tolerate this any more," said Sarah"           . Sarah said she was not going to tolerate any more                          2-  You have always been my friend," said Joe"                                                 . Joe said I  his friend                                      3-  "We never eat meat," claimed Bill                                      . Bill claimed that they  meat                4-  "I will talk to Sam soon," she told me on Sunday             . She told me on Sunday she  to Sam soon                           5- Mary used to exercise every day," he said"                      . He said Mary  to exercise every day                     6- I wish I was twenty years younger," said Linda"                  . Linda said she  twenty years younger                                          7- "Answer the phone!" he told me"                                          . He told me  the phone                                          8- Where is Alex?" she asked me"                                        ................She asked me where                             9- Don't shout at me anymore," he told me"                                  . He told me  at him anymore **Rewrite the sentences using indirect speech                                      1-  ." John: "Mandy is at home                             ............................ John said that .                                     2- ."Max: "Frank often reads a book                         ..............................Max told me that                                           3-  ."Susan: "I'm watching TV           .................................Susan said to me that                                                 4-." Simon: "David was ill                    ...................................Simon said that                      5-  ." Peggy: "The girls helped in the hous               ..................................Peggy told me that                6-  ."Richard: "I am going to ride my skateboa      ...................................Richard said to me that     7-."Stephen and Claire: "We have cleaned the windo   ......................  Stephen and Claire told me that        8-."Charles: "I didn't have time to do my homework             ............................Charles remarked that                 9-  ." Jones: "My mother will be 50 years old     ..................................Mrs Jones told me that                   10- ."Jean: "The boss must sign the letter          ..........................................Jean said that 👍Best of luck  By : NABAWY BOGHDADY